This is the first of our "Wockhardt Hospitals Specialty Guide" that seeks to inform and educate our users about some of their medical condition and ways to manage and prevent them.
Starting from today we shall feature
Doctors from Wockhardt Hospitals who will be sharing their thoughts with our users and patients about specific medical conditions and case studies.
Today Dr Ashis Anand ,M.S. (Orthopedics), DNB, MNAM Consultant Orthopedic ,at Wockhardt Hospitals, Bangalore speaks about Sports Injuries and ways to avoid them.
Dr Ashis Anand is a highly qualified Orthopedic Surgeon who has worked in India and US. His areas of interest include Arthroscopy and Joint Replacement (Hip, Knee and Shoulder). With more than 450 replacements (Primary and Revision). He has also excelled in Unicompartmental Knee Replacement which is done by very few centers in India.Exercise may reduce the chances of obesity in children. It may also lessen the risk of diabetes, a disease that is sometimes associated with a lack of exercise and poor eating habits. Children need to stay away from junk food!
Kinds of Sports Injuries in Children and Adolescents Lower limb InjuriesWhen all sports are considered, the lower extremities are at an overall greater risk for injury than either central (back, neck, and head) or upper extremities. This is due to the emphasis of most sports on the lower extremities to provide locomotive power and speed to the entire body. This emphasis is seen in children sports participation, regardless of age. Active bone growth precedes muscle and tendon lengthening, requiring each muscle tendon unit to lengthen or stretch out to keep up with the bone growth. Limited muscle and tendon flexibility predisposes to increased overuse injuries in puberty.
In addition, active growth causes subtle changes in the overall alignment of the lower extremity. Injuries of the lower extremity that are unique to or occur more frequently in children include the following: slipped capital femoral epiphysis, musculotendinous avulsions about the pelvis, distal femoral physical fractures, avulsion of the cruciate ligaments, tibial eminence fractures, Osgood-Schlatter disease, Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease, ankle sprains secondary to maturing tarsal coalition, and physical injuries of the foot and ankle.
Upper Limb InjuriesSports that require throwing or use of a racquet demand repetitive high stresses on the shoulder and elbow, increasing the risk of injury in those areas .These injuries include proximal humeral physeal injuries, ligamentous laxity of the shoulder, medial collateral ligament injuries of the elbow, avulsion of the medial epicondyle of the elbow, osteochondritis dissecans, and radial head overgrowth. Children who weight lift with excessive weight may also develop physical injury.
Central Body InjuriesSports or sports positions that demand repetitive low back extension, such as gymnastics, cheerleading, can cause low back pain, muscle strains, and spondylolysis. Baseball is the only team sport found to have a "maximal" risk for head and spine injury in young athletes, more so because of the severity of these injuries associated with the sport than because of their incidence.
Overuse InjuriesOveruse injuries occur from the repetitive application of submaximal stresses to otherwise normal tissues. This type of injury is more prevalent in the setting of organized sports, compared with backyard or pick-up games or purely recreational activities, especially in elite child athlete programs. Overtraining and exposure to excessive levels of physical activity can present an increased risk of injury. If not managed properly and efficiently, overuse injuries can affect normal physical growth and maturation. Prevention is the key; gradual rather than sudden increases in stresses and intensity can usually avoid physical breakdown.
Stress fractures are a form of overuse injury, and they occur most frequently in the tibia, fibula, and pars interarticularis in young athletes. Stress fracture occurs when the bone itself becomes overstressed and begins to fail. Pain with impact or activity is the primary complaint .If identified early, the progressive inflexibility associated with growth can be overcome with a stretching program, which should reduce the risk of overuse injuries .Periostitis, also known as "shin splints," is an overuse injury that occurs in athletes involved in ballistic activities and those that involve rapid deceleration. It may be caused by a strain of the anterior or posterior tibialis muscles at their tibial origin. Pain is usually diffuse and less focal than that of stress fracture .
How to prevent injuries in Children● Maintain proper physical conditioning to play the sport.
● Know and abide by the rules of the sport.
● Wear appropriate protective gear (for example, shin guards for soccer, pads and Abdominal guard in Cricket ).
● Know how to use athletic equipment.
● Always warm up before playing.
● Avoid playing when very tired or in pain.
● Get a pre-season physical examination.
● Make sure there is adequate water or other liquids to maintain proper hydration during training and while playing.
● If symptoms persist consult your Sports Medicine Doctor Immediately.
source:
Dr Ashis Anand, Wockhardt Hospitals Bone and Joint Care